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Major cities
| | Istanbul | 8.8 million |
| Ankara | 3.2 million |
| Izmir | 2.2 million |
| Adana | 1.2 million |
| Bursa | 1.2 million |
| Gaziantep | 850,000 |
| Konya | 740,000 |
| Antalya | 600,000 |
| Mersin | 560,000 |
| Diyarbakir | 550,000 |
| Kayseri | 540,000 |
| Eskisehir | 480,000 |
| Sanliurfa | 390,000 |
| Malatya | 380,000 |
| Erzurum | 360,000 |
| Samsun | 360,000 |
| Kahramanmaras | 330,000 |
| Izmit | 290,000 |
| Adapazari | 280,000 |
| Denizli | 280,000 |
| Tarsus | 280,000 |
| Van | 280,000 |
| Gebze | 275,000 |
| Elazig | 270,000 |
| Sivas | 250,000 |
| Batman | 250,000 |
 All cities and towns
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All figures are 2004 estimates.
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Status
| Independent republic, divided into 81 provinces.
Day of independence: October 29, 1923.
| GOVERNMENT
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President: Abdullah Gül
Prime minister: Recep Tayyip Erdogan
The government consists of 17 ministries.
National Assembly: 550 members, which from the elections of april 1999 is divided between 5 parties, holding from 85 to 136 seats. At least 3 parties must join to forma majority.
| GEOGRAPHY
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Inhabitants: 73.2 million (2005 estimate).
Census October 22 2000: 67.8 million.
Population growth rate: 1.2%
Total area: 780,580 km²
Water: 9,820 km²
Density: 94 per km²
Border: 2,648 km (Bulgaria 240 km, Greece 206 km, Syria 822 km, Iraq 352 km, Iran 499 km, Azerbaijan 9 km, Armenia 268 km, Georgia 252 km).
Coastline: 7,200 km
Highest point: Mount Ararat 5,166 m
Arable land: 34.5%
Capital: Ankara
| HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX
| World rank (of 177): 92
Index (1.0 max): 0.757
Explanation
| DEMOGRAPHY
| Languages: Turkish (official), Kurdish, Arabic, Armenian and Greek.
Religions: Sunni Islam, Shi'i Islam, Christianity.
| ECONOMY
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Currency: New Liras (TRY)
1 Lira=US$0.81. US$1=1.24 Liras (September 2008)
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