In Islam, the concept of divine is technically limited to Allah, God. God is never defined nor explained in Islam, as God cannot be understood by man intellectually, and cannot be explained in words. From this is developed the 99 names of God, expressing several dimensions to God, that aim to express the greatness of God, but no limitations.
Islam is monotheistic in principle, but as all other monotheistic faiths, there are many other powers and individuals that have a divine dimension. These all stand below God, and largely they act according to God's will and intent. This hierarchy can also be found with polytheistic faiths.
In Islam there are negative and destructive forces, that comes close to the Christian/Jewish Satan: Iblis and Shaytan. Angels are central to Islam, the Koran was transmitted through the angel Jibril. In modern Islam, Muhammad has become jesusified (see Jesus), defining him a perfect human being, although his complexity and many qualities that are highly objectionable from a modern point of view. Shi'i Islam has defined several individiuals as carriers of a divine light, in particular the imams. Popular Islam has defined a vast collection of independent individuals as mediators between humans and God, and cult and faith to these share the common characteristics of local cults in polytheistic religions.
Spirits, or jinns, are not to be considered divine, they are equal to human beings, only of another nature.

Supernatural
Allah

99 names of God | God

Humans with divine dimensions
Muhammad
Imam

Ali | Hassan | Husayn